Cridar scripts de Python des de Basic
És possible cridar scripts de Python des de macros de LibreOffice Basic, i es poden obtindre funcionalitats interessants com ara:
la possibilitat d'identificació ComputerName i la detecció de l'OSName,
Les funcions FileLen() del Basic i com.sun.star.ucb.SimpleFileAccess.getSize() de l'API tenen un límit màxim de la mida del fitxer de 2 Gigabytes que es pot superar amb Python,
Es pot normalitzar com.sun.star.util.PathSettings,
entre altres funcionalitats.
A reasonable exposure to LibreOffice Basic and to Application Programming Interface (API) features is recommended prior to perform inter-language calls from Basic to Python, to JavaScript or any other script engine.
Recuperació d'scripts Python
Python scripts can be personal, shared, or embedded in documents. In order to execute them, LibreOffice Basic needs to be provided with Python script locations. Locating com.sun.star.script.provider.XScript interface compliant UNO objects allows the execution of Python scripts:
Option Explicit
Public Function GetPythonScript(macro As String, _
Optional location As String) As com.sun.star.script.provider.Xscript
''' Pren l'objecte de l'script de Python abans de l'execució
' Arguments:
' macro : com a «library/module.py$macro» o «module.py$macro»
'····location: com a «document», «share», «user» o ENUM(eració)
' Resultat:
' s'ha localitzat el servei com.sun.star.script.provider.XScript de l'UNO'''
If IsMissing(location) Then location = "user"
Dim mspf As Object ' com.sun.star.script.provider.MasterScriptProviderFactory
Dim sp As Object ' compatible amb com.sun.star.script.provider.XScriptProvider
Dim uri As String
If location="document" Then
sp = ThisComponent.getScriptProvider()
Else
mspf = CreateUNOService("com.sun.star.script.provider.MasterScriptProviderFactory")
sp = mspf.createScriptProvider("")
End If
uri = "vnd.sun.star.script:"& macro &"?language=Python&location="& location
GetPythonScript = sp.getScript(uri)
End Function ' GetPythonScript
Execució de scripts en Python
Sintaxi
workstation_name = script.invoke(Array(), Array(), Array())
opSysName = script.invoke(Array(), in_outs, Array()) ' in_out és una matriu
file_len = script.invoke(Array(systemFilePath), Array(), Array())
normalizedPath = script.invoke(Array(systemFilePath), Array(), Array())
Exemples de scripts incrustats
Below ComputerName, and GetFilelen routines are calling their Python counterparts, using aforementioned GetPythonScript function. Exception handling is not detailed.
Option Explicit
Option Compatible ' S'admeten propietats
Private scr As Object ' com.sun.star.script.provider.XScript
Private Property Get ComputerName As String
'''Nom de l'estació de treball'''
scr = GetPythonScript("Platform.py$computer_name", "document")
ComputerName = scr.invoke(Array(), Array(), Array())
End Property ' ComputerName
Private Function GetFilelen(systemFilePath As String) As Currency
'''Mida del fitxer en bytes'''
scr = GetPythonScript("Os/Path.py$get_size", Script.ISEMBEDDED)
GetFilelen = scr.invoke(Array(systemFilePath), Array(), Array(),)
End Function ' GetFilelen
Private Type _SCRIPT_LOCATION
ISEMBEDDED As String ' script del document
ISPERSONAL As String ' script d'usuari
ISSHARED As String ' macro del LibreOffice
End Type ' _SCRIPT_LOCATION
Public Function Script() As Object ' Text enumeration
Static enums As _SCRIPT_LOCATION : With enums
If .ISEMBEDDED = "" Then
.ISEMBEDDED = "document" ' script del document
.ISPERSONAL = "user" ' scripts d'usuari
.ISSHARED = "share" ' macro del LibreOffice
End If : End With ' enums
Script = enums
End Function ' Script
Two different Python modules are called. They can either be embedded in the current document, either be stored on the file system. Argument type checking is skipped for clarity:
Platform.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import platform
def computer_name() -> str:
return platform.node()
def OSname() -> str:
return platform.system()
Os/Path.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import os.path
def get_size(systemFilePath: str) -> str:
return str(os.path.getsize(systemFilePath))
def normalyze(systemPath: str) -> str:
return os.path.normpath(systemPath)
Exemples d'scripts personals i compartits
The calling mechanism for personal or shared Python scripts is identical to that of embedded scripts. Library names are mapped to folders. Computing LibreOffice user profile and shared modules system file paths can be performed as detailed in Getting session information. Below OSName, HelloWorld and NormalizePath routines are calling their Python counterparts, using aforementioned GetPythonScript function. Exception handling is not detailed.
Option Explicit
Option Compatible ' S'admeten propietats
Private scr As Object ' com.sun.star.script.provider.XScript
Private Property Get OSName As String
'''El nom d'una plataforma, com ara «Linux», «Darwin» o «Windows»'''
scr = GetPythonScript("Platform.py$OSname", Script.ISPERSONAL)
OSName = scr.invoke(Array(), Array(), Array())
End Property ' OSName
Private Sub HelloWorld()
'''exemple de Python compartit al LibreOffice'''
scr = GetPythonScript("HelloWorld.py$HelloWorldPython", Script.ISSHARED)
scr.invoke(Array(), Array(), Array(),)
End Sub ' HelloWorld
Public Function NormalizePath(systemFilePath As String) As String
'''Strip superfluous '\..' in path'''
scr = GetPythonScript("Os/Path.py$normalyze", "user")
NormalizePath = scr.invoke(Array(systemFilePath), Array(), Array())
End Function ' NormalizePath
Mòduls estàndards de Python
LibreOffice embedded Python contains many standard libraries to benefit from. They bear a rich feature set, such as but not limited to:
argparse Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands
cmath: funcions matemàtiques per a nombres complexos
csv: lectura i escriptura de fitxers CSV
datetime: tipus de data i hora genuïns
json: codificador i descodificador de JSON
math: funcions matemàtiques
re: operacions amb expressions regulars
socket: interfície de xarxes de baix nivell
sys: paràmetres i funcions específiques del sistema
unittest i trace: entorn de proves unitàries i seguiment d'execució per a Python
xml.etree.ElementTree: API d'ElementTree XML