Llamar macros en Basic desde Python
Es posible llamar macros escritas en LibreOffice Basic desde secuencias de órdenes en Python y sacar provecho de funcionalidades tales como:
Funciones de registro sencillas para la consola de traza de la biblioteca Access2Base,
funciones de E/S en pantalla InputBox y MsgBox basadas en Basic para facilitar el desarrollo con Python,
interrupción de la ejecución de la secuencia escrita en Python por llamada a Xray para examinar las variables.
The LibreOffice Application Programming Interface (API) Scripting Framework supports inter-language script execution between Python and Basic, or other supported programming languages for that matter. Arguments can be passed back and fourth across calls, providing they represent primitives data types that both languages recognize, and assuming that the Scripting Framework converts them appropriately.
Es recomendable familiarizarse con los módulos estándares de Python y las funcionalidades de la API de LibreOffice antes de efectuar llamadas entre los lenguajes Python, Basic, JavaScript o cualquier otro motor de secuencias de órdenes.
When running Python scripts from an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), the LibreOffice nested Basic engine may be absent. Avoid Python to LibreOffice Basic calls in such context. However Python environment and Universal Networks Objects (UNO) are fully available. Refer to Setting Up an Integrated IDE for Python for more information.
Recuperación de secuencias de órdenes en Basic en LibreOffice
LibreOffice Basic macros can be personal, shared, or embedded in documents. In order to execute them, Python run time needs to be provided with Basic macro locations. Implementing the com.sun.star.script.provider.XScriptProvider interface allows the retrieval of executable scripts:
import uno
from com.sun.star.script.provider import Xscript
def getBasicScript(macro='Main', module='Module1', library='Standard',
isEmbedded=False) -> XScript:
'''Tomar el objeto de secuencia de Basic antes de la invocación.'''
ctx = uno.getComponentContext()
smgr = ctx.ServiceManager
if isEmbedded:
desktop = smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.frame.Desktop', ctx)
scriptPro = desktop.CurrentComponent.getScriptProvider()
location = "document"
else:
mspf = smgr.createInstanceWithContext(
"com.sun.star.script.provider.MasterScriptProviderFactory", ctx)
scriptPro = mspf.createScriptProvider("")
location = "application"
scriptName = "vnd.sun.star.script:"+library+"."+module+"."+macro+ \
"?language=Basic&location="+location
xScript = scriptPro.getScript(scriptName)
return xScript
Ejecución de secuencias de órdenes en Basic en LibreOffice
La documentación del Kit de desarrollo de software (SDK) de LibreOffice correspondiente a la interfaz com.sun.star.script.provider.XScript detalla la convención para efectuar llamadas entre lenguajes de programación. La invocación de funciones requere tres matrices:
la primera enumera los argumentos de la rutina llamada
la segunda identifica los argumentos modificados
la tercera almacena los valores devueltos
Sintaxis de Python
results = script.invoke((prompt,buttons,title), (), ())
script.invoke((message,), tuple, ())
script.invoke((args), (), results)
Ejemplos de secuencias de órdenes personales y compartidas
Examples in Input/Output to Screen detail Python to Basic invocation calls. Monitoring Document Events illustrates the usage of *args Python idiom to print a variable number of parameters to Access2Base logging console dialog.
At time of development you can interrupt Python script execution using Xray extension in order to inspect properties and methods of UNO objects. The ASPO extension debugger allows object introspection using either Xray either MRI extensions.
def xray(myObject):
script = getBasicScript(library="XrayTool", module="_Main", macro="Xray")
script.invoke((myObject,), (), ())
Ejemplos de secuencias de órdenes incrustadas en documentos
*argsPython simplified syntax can be used in conjunction with LibreOffice Basic routines that accept a variable number of arguments. Below Print and SUM Python functions call their Basic Print and SUM counterparts, using aforementioned getBasicScript function. Exception handling is not detailed.
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
def Print(*args):
"""Muestra las cadenas o expresiones numéricas especificadas en un cuadro de diálogo."""
xScript = getBasicScript("Print", "Scripting", embedded=True)
xScript.invoke((args), (), ())
def SUM(*args):
"""SUM the specified number expression."""
xScript = getBasicScript("SUM", "Scripting", embedded=True)
res = xScript.invoke((args), (), ())
return res[0]
# def getBasicScript() # see above
def playWithArgs():
Print("Fun with *args ", -9.81, 297864.681974, 8762E-137)
Print(SUM(45, -9.81, 297864.681974))
Print(SUM(45, -9.81, 297864.681974, 8762E+137))
g_exportedScripts = (playWithArgs,)
The LibreOffice Basic Print and SUM document-based routines accept a variable number of arguments. The Private or Public attributes have no effect. The arguments type checking is skipped for clarity.
Option Compatible ' "Standard.Scripting" module
Option Explicit
Private Sub Print(ParamArray args() As Variant, Optional sep As String = " ")
''' Print item list of variable number '''
' se aceptan todos los argumentos convertibles de CStr()
Dim str As String, i As Integer
If UBound(args) >= 0 Then
For i = 0 To UBound(args)
str = str + Cstr(args(i))+ sep
Next i
End If
Print str
End Sub ' Standard.Scripting.Print()
Public Function SUM(ParamArray args() As Variant) As Variant
''' SUM a variable list of numbers '''
Dim ndx As Integer
If UBound(args) >= 0 Then
For ndx = 0 To UBound(args)
SUM = SUM + args(ndx)
Next ndx
End If
End Function ' Standard.Scripting.SUM()